POTENTIALS FOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENT BASED ON PROTECTED NATURAL RESOURCES IN MORAVICA ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICT TERRITORY – OPINION OF THE CITY OF ČAČAK RESIDENTS

The purpose of this paper is to indicate the potentials for tourism development based on the protected natural resources of the Republic of Serbia situated in the Moravica administrative district territory, the degree of their current utilization for the purposes of tourism and local population information on the above mentioned. Closed-ended survey was conducted (five-point scale) on the random sample of the residents in the urban part of the city of Čačak as the administrative centre of the Moravica administrative district. The results are: 1) low degree of information among the local population, 2) medium (good) potential for tourism development, and 3) very low level of its utilization for tourism purposes. The results are also considered according to the natural resources protection type. The contribution of this paper is in the indication of potentially successful elements in future tourism offer for the entities in the field of tourism and hospitality. © 2020 EA. All rights reserved.


Introduction
From its beginning, tourism has always been related to nature. Nature has determined, it still does, the potentials for tourism development in many regions, in combination with tourist offer social factors. According to its increasing importance, so called naturebased tourism, mainly based upon nature, takes an important place in the modern world The role of protected natural resources and areas should be particularly emphasized within nature-based tourism. Accessibility orientation is particularly important for protected natural resources and tourism development (Tverijonaite et al., 2018). Accessibility can cause positive effects (higher numbers of tourists), as well as negative effects (degradation of nature). According to the tendency for protected areas preservation, Weaver & Lawton (2017) highlighted the significance of the third generation model, Snyman & Bricker (2019) indicated that benefits should not be observed through financial aspect alone, but also through the benefit-sharing concept, while Slocum (2017) regarded simultaneous tendencies towards both sustainability and neo-liberalism. Yuan et al. (2015) established the subject area of sustainable tourism in the third place according to the number of documents, that is, papers (184) in ten leading journals in the field of tourism between 2008 and 2012. This subject area also includes four subtopics: Sustainability, ecotourism and environment (74); Climate change, carbon emission and travel scenario (60); Corporate social responsibility and green tourism (36); Tourism in protected areas (14). It is necessary to underline that having potentials for the development of tourism based on natural resources is one thing, while using the available potentials for tourism purposes is something completely different. According to the above mentioned, the following part of this paper will point out the opinion of local population from the urban areas in the city of Čačak as the administrative centre of Moravica district on natural potentials and their utilization for the purposes of tourism, primarily when it comes to the protected natural resources.
The subject of this paper is protected natural resources of the Republic of Serbia situated in Moravica administrative district territory and their potential for the development of tourism. The aim of this paper is to establish the protected natural resources potentials of the Republic of Serbia situated in Moravica administrative district territory, their current utilization for the purposes of tourism, as well as the level of information among the local population (urban part of Čačak) on the above mentioned protected resources.
On the basis of the previously stated subject and aim of this paper, there are the following hypotheses: H1 -The population in the urban territory of the city of Čačak shows a low level of information on the protected natural resources of the Republic of Serbia situated in the territory of Moravica administrative district; H2 -The opinion of the population in the urban territory of the city of Čačak is that there is a good potential of the protected natural resources of the Republic of Serbia situated in Moravica administrative district for tourism development; H3 -The opinion of the population in the urban territory of the city of Čačak is that there is a high level of dormancy related to the protected natural resources of the Republic of Serbia situated in Moravica administrative district for tourism purposes.

Materials and methods
The research used surveys. The questions in the survey are closed-ended, they are based on the five-point scale assessment (1 -very low, 2 -low, 3 -medium, 4 -high, 5 -very high). There are three groups, and they refer to: (1) Information on protected 115 residents of the urban part of the city of Čačak territory took part in the survey, that is, from the central city zone. The city of Čačak is selected as the administrative centre of the Moravica administrative district. The survey was conducted offline, anonymously, by random sampling. We can see the structure of the samples in the following

Source: Authors' research
As we can see in Table 1, the total structure of the respondents is dominated by female respondents, 41-60 years of age, with secondary education. Respondents evaluated 25 protected natural resources (listed in the previous chapter of this paper), by protection type.

Results and discussion
The following table ( Table 2.) provides an overview on local population in urban parts of Čačak information on protected natural resources of the Republic of Serbia situated in the territory of Moravica administrative district.

Source: Authors' research
It is evident that information level on none of the resources is evaluated as very high (0.00%), while high information level is present on two of the resources (8.00%), both from the city of Čačak territory (Ovčar-Kablar gorge and Rubber fig tree), while medium information level is present when we speak about one of the natural resources (Golija). Low information level is present in four of the natural resources (16.00%). Very low, that is, insufficient level of information is the most represented -in case of 18 natural resources (72.00%).
The following table (Table 3.) provides the evaluation on information level about protected natural resources of the Republic of Serbia situated situated in Moravica administrative district according to the protection type.

Source: Authors' research
Average information grade per natural resource is 1.58. When we speak of natural resources protection type, information level can be ordered as follows: landscapes (medium), nature park (medium), natural monuments/monuments of nature (very low, with the exception of geological ones -low), reserve (very low).
The following table (Table 4.) provides an overview of protected natural resource of the Republic of Serbia situated in Moravica administrative district territory potentials for tourism development.

Source: Authors' research
The table above shows that there are only four protected natural resources with a very high potential for tourism development (16.00%); we can make it certain for Ovčar-Kablar gorge and Golija according to the number of respondents, unlike in case of Malt oak tree in Vlasteljice and Linden tree in Pšanik evaluated by only one person each. High potential is present in 7 protected natural resources (28.00%), while medium is present in 9 (36.00%), and low in 5 (20.00%). It is evident that in none of the cases the potential can be evaluated as very low.
The following table (Table 5.) provides the evaluation of protected natural resources of the Republic of Serbia situated in Moravica administrative district territory for tourism development according to the protection type.   , Year 67, No. 4, 2020, (pp. 1249-1264)

, Belgrade
Average potential grade per natural resource is 3.33. When we speak of the natural resources protection type, the potential for tourism development can be ordered as follows: nature park (very high), landscapes (high), monuments of nature/natural monuments (medium, except geological ones -high), reserves (low).
The following table (Table 6.) provides an overview of the existing utilization for tourism development when we speak of protected natural resources of the Republic of Serbia situated in Moravica administrative district territory.

Source: Authors' research
As it is evident from the table above (Table 6.), Ovčar-Kablar gorge has the best utilization (medium utilization). Most of the protected natural resources (14.56%) are represented by very low utilization, while a significant percentage has low utilization (10; 40.00%), and a small number has medium utilization (1; 4.00%).
The following table (Table 7.) provides the evaluation of protected natural resources utilization for tourism development according to the protection type.

Source: Authors' research
Average utilization grade per natural resource is 1.46. When it comes to natural resources protection type, utilization for tourism purposes can be ordered as follows: landscapes (low), monuments of nature (very low, except in case of geological resources -low), reserve (very low).

Conclusion
As it is evident from this research conducted in the urban territories of the city of Čačak, there is a low level of information among local population about the protected natural resources of the Republic of Serbia situated in Moravica administrative district territory. There is a high level of information only about Ovčar-Kablar gorge and Rubber fig tree, while the level is medium only about Golija. With the average level of information per protected natural resource of 1.58 (low information), we can make a clear conclusion that H1 is confirmed. There is a very high potential for tourism development in 4 protected natural resources, high -7, medium -9, while the rest of the resources have a low or very low potential. The average grade on potential per protected natural resource is medium (3.33). Therefore, the aforementioned confirms H2 hypothesis. Protected natural resources utilization for tourism development is only evaluated as medium in case of Ovčar-Kablar gorge, while it is very low or low in case of other protected natural resources. The average utilization for tourism development per natural resource is very low (1.46). Therefore, the aforementioned confirms H3 hypothesis. Very low information level among local population in urban areas of the city of Čačak, potential for tourism development at the medium level, as well as very low utilization of protected natural resources for tourism development in Moravica administrative district territory indicate the key issues in nature-based tourism development, especially tourism related to protected natural resources.
The limitations of this research refer to the survey intended for the population of the urban areas of the city of Čačak, not the population in the other areas of Moravica administrative district, or the absence of other subjects in tourism and hospitality sector. Previously highlighted limitations represent the foundation for further research with the focus on the complete Moravica district territory, as well as other interest groups in the field of tourism and hospitality.